Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 49
Filter
1.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449271

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the impact of the Koala project (Actively Controlling Target Oxygen) on clinical outcomes in patients born with less than 36 weeks of gestation, in two maternity hospitals, comparing before and after the strategy implementation. Methods: This is an intervention study with 100 preterm infants with gestational age ≤36 weeks, who used oxygen in two maternity hospitals between January 2020 and August 2021. One of the hospitals was a private institution and the other was philanthropic. The goal for the target oxygen saturation with this project was 91-95%. Comparisons between the two stages (before and after the implementation of the project) were made evaluating the outcomes of retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and deaths. The continuous variables were described using mean, median, standard deviation and interquartile interval. The significance level adopted was 5% and the software used was R Core Team 2021 (version 4.1.0). Results: After oxygen control use according to the Koala protocol, there was a significant reduction in the cases of retinopathy of prematurity (p<0.001) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p<0.001). There were no deaths in the second stage, and there was a non-significant increase in the absolute number of necrotizing enterocolitis cases. Conclusions: The Koala project seems to be an effective and feasible strategy to reduce adverse situations in the management of premature children, but research with a greater sample is needed.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o impacto do projeto Coala (Controle Ativo de Oxigênio Alvo) nos desfechos clínicos em pacientes nascidos com menos de 36 semanas de gestação, em duas maternidades, comparando antes e depois da implementação da estratégia. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de intervenção com cem prematuros vivos, com idade gestacional ≤36 semanas, que utilizaram oxigênio em duas maternidades entre janeiro de 2020 e agosto de 2021. A meta para a saturação de oxigênio alvo com este projeto foi de 91-95%. Comparações entre as duas etapas (antes e depois da implantação do projeto) foram feitas avaliando os desfechos de retinopatia da prematuridade, displasia broncopulmonar, enterocolite necrosante e óbitos. As variáveis contínuas foram descritas por meio de média, mediana, desvio padrão e intervalo interquartil. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5% e o software empregado foi o R Core Team 2021 (versão 4.1.0). Resultados: Observou-se que, após o uso de controle de oxigênio segundo o protocolo Coala, houve redução significativa nos casos de retinopatia da prematuridade (p<0,001) e displasia broncopulmonar (p<0,001). Não houve óbitos na segunda etapa e houve aumento não significativo no número absoluto de casos de enterocolite necrosante. Conclusões: O projeto Coala parece ser uma estratégia eficaz e viável para reduzir situações adversas no manejo de crianças prematuras, mas pesquisas com amostras maiores são necessárias.

3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 68(5): 568-573, May 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1376192

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to analyze and report on the complications that occurred in the cochlear implant surgeries performed at a large philanthropic teaching hospital located in a low-income area of Brazil. METHODS: A historical cohort study that analyzed surgical records of 432 patients of all age groups and both genders who received unilateral cochlear implant in a tertiary referral center that serves only Brazil's Public Health Care System patients, from February 2009 to December 2017. RESULTS: A total of 67 (15.5%) complications occurred in the cochlear implant surgeries, with 21 (5.4%) major complications. Minor complications occurred in 50 (12%) cases. The most frequent major complication was receiver-stimulator displacement (four cases). There were three cases of hardware failure. Only one case of meningitis and one case of facial nerve paralysis (grade VI in House-Brackmann scale) were found. Six patients needed to be explanted due to a major complication. The relative risk of major complications in the population aged 60 years and older was 4.41 (1.53-12.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]). CONCLUSIONS: Elderly patients suffered more complications than younger patients. receiver-stimulator displacement and dizziness were the most frequent complications (major and minor, respectively). The overall complication rates were comparable to those in the literature. Age as an isolated risk factor for complications in cochlear implant surgery is a path to be explored in future observations.

5.
Rev. Nutr. (Online) ; 34: e200190, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1155454

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To identify cut-off points of neck circumference measurement to predict insulin resistance in adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional analysis with data derived from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents, nationwide, multicenter, school-based survey. We evaluated 901 adolescents, aged 12 to 17, from public and private schools in two cities of Sergipe state in Brazil. We measured demographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data, and insulin resistance using Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance. We used multiple linear regression and logistic analysis to evaluate the association between dependent variables (biochemical) and independent variables (anthropometric) controlled by body mass index, age, gender, and Tanner's stage. We used the Receiver operating characteristic curve to determine cut-off points of neck circumference that can identify insulin resistance. Results The multiple linear regression analysis showed a positive association between neck circumference measurement with fasting glycemia and glycated hemoglobin (p<0.001) and a negative association with insulin (p<0.024). Furthermore, in logistic regression, the measurement of neck circumference was the only anthropometric indicator positively correlated with homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance. The cut-off points of neck circumference for predicting insulin resistance were: 30.55cm for female pubertal and 32.10cm for post-pubertal adolescents; 35.90cm for male pubertal adolescents and 36.65cm for post-pubertal adolescents. Conclusions The measurement of neck circumference is a simple, practical anthropometric indicator and can be used as a screening tool to identify insulin resistance in adolescents.


RESUMO Objetivo Identificar pontos de corte da medida da circunferência do pescoço que possam predizer a resistência à insulina em adolescentes. Métodos Estudo transversal com uma subamostra do Estudo de Riscos Cardiovasculares em Adolescentes, um estudo multicêntrico nacional. Avaliaram-se 901 adolescentes de 12 a 17 anos de duas cidades do estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Fatores demográficos, antropométricos e bioquímicos e a resistência à insulina pelo homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance foram mensurados. A associação entre as variáveis dependentes (bioquímicas) e independentes (antropométricas), controladas pelo índice de massa corporal, idade, sexo e estadiamento de Tanner, foi avaliada pela análise de regressão linear múltipla e logística, e a curva característica de operação do receptor foi utilizada para determinar os pontos de corte da circunferência do pescoço na predição da resistência à insulina. Resultados A análise de regressão linear múltipla mostrou uma associação positiva entre a medida da circunferência do pescoço com a glicemia de jejum e a hemoglobina glicada (p<0,001) e negativa com a insulina (p<0,024). Na regressão logística, a medida da circunferência do pescoço foi o único indicador antropométrico que se correlacionou positivamente com o Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance. Os pontos de corte da circunferência do pescoço para predição da resistência à insulina em adolescentes foram: 30,55cm feminino púberes e 32,10cm feminino pós-púberes; 35,90cm masculino púberes e 36,65cm masculino pós-púberes. Conclusão A medida da circunferência do pescoço é um indicador antropométrico simples e prático e pode ser utilizada como instrumento de triagem para identificar a resistência à insulina em adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Insulin Resistance , Adolescent , Neck , Anthropometry
6.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 26: e2395, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285384

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo investigar a forma de oferta de dieta, conforme os diversos métodos de alimentação, e descrever o ganho de peso em recém-nascidos com microcefalia relacionada ao Zika Vírus, comparando-os com recém-nascidos sem microcefalia. Método estudo de coorte retrospectivo com caso controle aninhado. Informações sobre idade gestacional, peso e métodos de alimentação (seio materno, sonda nasogástrica/orogástrica, mamadeira e copo) foram coletadas em prontuários de 43 recém-nascidos com microcefalia por Zika Vírus, equiparados conforme idade gestacional com 43 recém-nascidos sem acometimentos (grupo controle), em uma maternidade de referência no Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados desde o nascimento até a alta hospitalar. As medidas de desfecho foram pesos (ao nascer e na alta), velocidade de ganho de peso, tempo de internação e métodos de alimentação. Resultados O grupo com microcefalia apresentou menores pesos ao nascer (D=-1,67; p<0,001), inclusive com maior probabilidade de serem baixo peso (Phi=0,687; p<0,001), e no momento da alta (D=-0,87; p=0,006), do que o controle. O grupo com microcefalia também apresentou maior velocidade de ganho de peso (D=0,77; p=0,006), embora com métodos alimentares semelhantes ao grupo controle, incluindo a aceitação do seio materno, de forma exclusiva (34,9%) ou complementada (58,1%). Conclusão recém-nascidos com microcefalia relacionada ao Zika Vírus utilizaram métodos alimentares semelhantes, incluindo seio materno, aos do grupo sem acometimento. Quanto ao peso, apresentaram valores menores ao nascimento e na alta, apesar de terem um crescimento precoce pós-natal mais rápido que aqueles sem microcefalia.


ABSTRACT Purpose Investigate the form of diet offer, according to the different feeding methods, and describe the weight gain in newborns with microcephaly related to Zika Virus, comparing them with newborns without microcephaly. Methods Retrospective cohort with nested case-control study. Information on gestational age, weight and feeding methods (maternal breast, nasogastric/orogastric tube, bottle and cup) were collected from medical records of 43 newborns with microcephaly due to Zika Virus, matched according to gestational age with 43 newborns without involvement (control group), in a reference maternity hospital in northeastern Brazil. Data were collected from birth to hospital discharge. Outcome measures were weights (at birth and at discharge), weight gain speed, length of hospital stay and feeding methods. Results The microcephaly group had lower weights at birth (D=-1.67; p<0.001), even more likely to be underweight (Phi=0.687; p<0.001), and at discharge (D=-0.87; p=0.006), than the control group. The microcephaly group also showed a higher rate of weight gain (D=0.77; p=0.006), although with eating methods similar to the control group, including acceptance of the mother's breast, exclusively (34.9%) or complemented (58.1%). Conclusion Newborns with Zika Virus-related microcephaly used similar feeding methods, including maternal breast, to those in the non-affected group. As for weight, they showed lower values at birth and at discharge, despite having a faster postnatal early growth than those without microcephaly.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Weight Gain , Feeding Methods , Zika Virus , Microcephaly , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences
7.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 26: e2413, 2021. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1285386

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo investigar e comparar comportamentos específicos de prontidão oral e estados comportamentais de recém-nascidos a termo (RNT) e pré-termo (RNPT), a partir da estimulação gustativa (água e sacarose). Métodos estudo experimental, analítico, duplo-cego, caso controle. Participaram 152 recém-nascidos de uma maternidade pública, sendo 68 a termo e 84 pré-termo, subdivididos conforme estímulo gustativo (água ou sacarose). O teste durou 15 minutos, dividido em três períodos de cinco minutos. Foram analisados estados comportamentais e comportamentos específicos. Resultados foram observadas diferenças significativas, comparando os estímulos, com maior tempo nos comportamentos mão-boca direita (p=0,042) e esquerda (p=0,037), e diminuição no tempo de sono (p=0,019) nos RNT estimulados com sacarose. Nos RNPT houve maior tempo de sucção de mão direita (p=0,043) e esquerda (p=0,001) e de sucção (p<0,001), com aumento no tempo de alerta (p=0,025), quando estimulados com sacarose. Houve diminuição de tempo de agitação (p=0,018) em RNPT estimulados com água. RNT apresentaram maior tempo em sono do que os RNPT (p=0,032). A estimulação da sacarose no estado alerta foi mais evidente em RNPT (p=0,047). Conclusão A sacarose eliciou respostas motoras referentes à prontidão para alimentação e estado comportamental favorável para alimentação, independentemente da idade gestacional. Os achados são importantes para a clínica fonoaudiológica, possibilitando ampliar condutas de estimulação da alimentação.


ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate and compare specific oral readiness behavior and behavioral states of term newborns (TNB) and preterm newborns (PTNB) based on taste stimulation (water and sucrose). Methods Experimental, analytical, double-blind, case-control study: 152 newborns from a public maternity hospital participated, 68 of them were term newborns and 84,preterm , divided according to taste stimulus (water or sucrose). The test lasted 15 minutes, divided into three periods of 5 minutes. We evaluated behavioral states and specific behaviors. Results We observed significant difference by comparing stimulations and longer periods of right (p=0.042) and left (p=0.037) hand suction for mouth behavior, shorter sleeping periods (p=0.019) in TNB stimulated with sucrose. In PTNB, we observed longer periods of right hand (p=0.043) and left hand (p=0.001) suction, suction (p<0.001) and alert state (p=0.025) when stimulated with sucrose. We found a decrease in agitation (p=0.018) in PTNB stimulated with water. The TNB were asleep for longer periods of time than PTBN (p=0.032). Sucrose stimulation in alert state is more evident in PTNB (p=0.047). Conclusion Sucrose elicited motor responses related to food readiness and favorable behavioral status for food regardless of gestational age. The findings are important for the speech therapy clinic, enabling broader feeding stimulation approaches.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Sucking Behavior , Sucrose/administration & dosage , Water/administration & dosage , Taste Perception , Behavior Rating Scale , Infant, Premature , Double-Blind Method
8.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 54: e00332021, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1250834

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Parasitic infections are considered a major public health problem due to their associated morbimortality and negative impact on physical and intellectual development, especially in the at-risk pediatric group. Periodic prophylactic administration of antiparasitic agents against soil-transmitted helminths is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to control parasitic infections and disease burden. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in Brazil. METHODS: We performed a systematic review by searching the literature found in the PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases, followed by a meta-analysis of the proportions from studies published in English, Portuguese, and/or Spanish from January 2000 to May 2018. This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42018096214). RESULTS: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections (protozoa and/or helminths) in Brazil was 46% (confidence interval: 39-54%), with 99% heterogeneity. Prevalence varied by region: 37%, 51%, 50%, 58%, and 41% in the Southeast, South, Northeast, North, and Central-West regions, respectively. Most studies (32/40) evaluated children (<18 years) and found an average prevalence of 51%. Children also had the highest prevalence in all four regions: Central-West (65%), South (65%), North (58%), Northeast (53%), and Southeast (37%). However, most studies evaluated specific populations, which may have created selection bias. Presumably, this review of intestinal parasitic diseases in Brazil includes the most studies and the largest population ever considered. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections is high in Brazil, and anthelmintic drugs should be administered periodically as a prophylactic measure, as recommended by the WHO.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Child , Helminths , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Feces
9.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 25(3): 793-804, mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089493

ABSTRACT

Resumo O Programa de Humanização no Pré-natal e Nascimento (PHPN) estabelece um pacote mínimo de procedimentos a serem oferecidos a todas as gestantes durante o pré-natal. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a qualidade do pré-natal no estado de Sergipe a partir das recomendações do PHPN. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagens descritiva e analítica, vinculado à pesquisa Nascer em Sergipe, realizada entre junho/2015 e abril/2016. Foram avaliadas 768 puérperas proporcionalmente distribuídas entre todas as maternidades do estado (n = 11). A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista face a face e visualização do cartão de pré-natal. Os resultados mostraram uma cobertura elevada da assistência pré-natal (99,3%; n = 763), porém pouco mais da metade destas mulheres iniciaram seu acompanhamento antes da 16ª semana gestacional (57%; n = 435) e 74,4% (n = 570) compareceram a seis ou mais consultas. Constatou-se que 16,6% (n = 127) das gestantes foram consideradas de alto risco e quase metade delas continuou o acompanhamento com profissionais enfermeiros. A orientação sobre a maternidade de referência para o parto foi referida por 61,3% e 29,4% procuraram mais de um serviço para a parturição. Concluiu-se que houve uma alta cobertura do pré-natal em Sergipe, porém com problemas relacionados à sua adequação ao PHPN.


Abstract The Prenatal Care and Birth Humanization Program (PHPN) establishes a minimum number of procedures to be provided to all pregnant women during prenatal care. This study aimed to analyze the quality of prenatal care in Sergipe based on the PHPN recommendations. This is a cross-sectional study, with a descriptive and analytic approach, using survey data from the Birth in Sergipe research, conducted from June 2015 to April 2016 with 768 puerperae proportionally distributed among all state maternity hospitals (n = 11). Data were collected from face-to-face interviews and patients' prenatal care cards. The results showed a high coverage of prenatal care (99.3%; n =763), but little more than half of these women started their prenatal care within 16 weeks of gestation (57%; n =435), and 74.7% (n = 570) had six or more visits. We noted that 16.6% (n = 127) of pregnant women were at high risk for complications and almost half continued monitoring prenatal care with professional nurses. Around 61.3% were advised about the maternity care service of reference for delivery, and 29.4% sought more than one health service for childbirth. We concluded that there was a high prenatal care coverage in Sergipe, however, with issues concerning its adaptation to the PHPN.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Prenatal Care/standards , Quality of Health Care , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Government Programs
10.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 53: e20200494, 2020. tab
Article in English | SES-SP, ColecionaSUS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1136860

ABSTRACT

Abstract Diagnosing cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with only non-respiratory symptoms has been challenging. We reported the diagnosis of a child who tested positive for COVID-19 with abdominal pain/diarrhea and tracked his family cluster. One member of the family tested positive for COVID-19 on real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay and three other family members had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Coronavirus/isolation & purification , Diarrhea/diagnosis , Pandemics , Pharyngitis/etiology , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Cluster Analysis , Contact Tracing , Coronavirus Infections , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Diarrhea/etiology , Fever/etiology , Betacoronavirus
11.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) ; 66(7): 876-879, 2020.
Article in English | SES-SP, LILACS | ID: biblio-1136321

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has put pressure on countries' health systems. Although attention is mostly directed at the hospital sector, since many critically ill people will need intensive care, Primary Health Care (PHC) has also been disrupted. In Brasil, a universal and free health system has existed since the 1988 Constitution, which re-organized the PHC to attend the population. However, like other countries, the Brazilian health system is being overloaded with the increase in the large number of COVID-19 cases. It is worth reflecting on the changes and challenges in PHC during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brasil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control , Coronavirus , Pandemics/prevention & control , Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology , Brazil , Coronavirus Infections , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Betacoronavirus
12.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 38: e2018229, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092142

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To use the spatial distribution of the sickle cell trait (SCT) to analyze the frequency of hemoglobin S (HbS) carriers in Sergipe. Methods: The sample consisted of all individuals born in Sergipe from October 2011 to October 2012 who underwent neonatal screening in the public health system. Tests were carried out in basic health units and forwarded to the University Hospital laboratory, where they were analyzed. We used spatial autocorrelation (Moran's index) to assess the spatial distribution of heterozygous individuals with hemoglobinopathies. Results: Among 32,906 newborns, 1,202 showed other types of hemoglobin besides Hemoglobin A. We found a positive correlation between the percentage of black and multiracial people and the incidence of SCT. Most SCT cases occurred in the cities of Aracaju (n=273; 22.7%), Nossa Senhora do Socorro (n=102; 8.4%), São Cristóvão (n=58; 4.8%), Itabaiana (n=39; 4.2%), Lagarto (n=37; 4.01%), and Estância (n=46; 4.9%). Conclusions: The spatial distribution analysis identified regions in the state with a high frequency of HbS carriers. This information is important health care planning. This method can be applied to detect other places that need health units to guide and care for sickle cell disease patients and their families.


RESUMO Objetivo: Basear-se na distribuição espacial do traço falciforme (TF) para analisar a frequência dos portadores da hemoglobina S (HbS) em Sergipe. Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por todos os indivíduos nascidos em Sergipe, no período de outubro de 2011 a outubro de 2012, submetidos à triagem neonatal pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, ano de início da triagem universal no Estado. Os testes foram realizados em unidades básicas de saúde e encaminhados para o laboratório do Hospital Universitário, onde foram analisados. A análise da distribuição espacial dos indivíduos heterozigotos para hemoglobinopatias foi realizada por autocorrelação espacial (índice de Moran). Resultados: Dentre os 32.906 recém-nascidos estudados, 1.202 apresentaram outras hemoglobinas além da Hemoglobina A. Houve correlação positiva entre a porcentagem de negros e mestiços e a incidência de TF. A maioria dos casos foi encontrada nos municípios de Aracaju (n=273; 22,7%), Nossa Senhora do Socorro (n=102; 8,4%), São Cristóvão (n=58; 4,8%), Itabaiana (n=39; 4,2%), Lagarto (n=37; 4,01%) e Estância (n=46; 4,9%). Conclusões: Na análise de distribuição espacial por autocorrelação, identificaram-se regiões no Estado com maior frequência de HbS, o que é de extrema importância para o planejamento do sistema de saúde, podendo a mesma metodologia ser aplicada para identificação de outros locais com maior necessidade de centros para cuidados e orientações a portadores de doença falciforme e seus familiares.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Sickle Cell Trait/epidemiology , Geographic Mapping , Sickle Cell Trait/ethnology , Sickle Cell Trait/blood , Brazil/ethnology , Brazil/epidemiology , Hemoglobin, Sickle/analysis , Incidence , Cities/epidemiology , Hemoglobinopathies/epidemiology , Anemia, Sickle Cell/epidemiology
13.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 95(5): 519-530, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1040353

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To identify, using a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies, which risk factors are significantly associated with neonatal mortality in Brazil, and to build a comprehensive national analysis on neonatal mortality. Sources: This review included observational studies on neonatal mortality, performed between 2000 and 2018 in Brazilian cities. The MEDLINE, Elsevier, Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO, and OpenGrey databases were used. For the qualitative analysis, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used. For the quantitative analysis, the natural logarithms of the risk measures and their confidence intervals were used, as well as the DerSimonian and Laird method as a random effects model, and the Mantel-Haenszel model for heterogeneity estimation. A confidence level of 95% was considered. Summary of findings: The qualitative analysis resulted in six studies of low and four studies of intermediate-low bias risk. The following exposure factors were significant: absence of partner, maternal age ≥35 years, male gender, multiple gestation, inadequate and absent prenatal care, presence of complications during pregnancy, congenital malformation in the assessed pregnancy, Apgar < 7 at the fifth minute, low and very low birth weight, gestational age ≤ 37 weeks, and caesarean delivery. Conclusion: The most significant risk factors presented in this study are modifiable, allowing aiming at a real reduction in neonatal deaths, which remain high in the country.


Resumo: Objetivo: Identificar, através de uma revisão sistemática e da metanálise de estudos observacionais, quais fatores de risco associam-se significativamente com a mortalidade neonatal no Brasil e construir uma análise nacional abrangente sobre a mortalidade neonatal. Fontes: Foram avaliados os estudos observacionais sobre mortalidade neonatal realizados entre 2000 e 2018 em cidades brasileiras. Usaram-se as bases MEDLINE, Elsevier, Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO e OpenGrey. Para a análise qualitativa, foi usada a Escala Newcastle-Ottawa. Para a análise quantitativa, foram utilizados os logaritmos naturais das medidas de risco e de seus intervalos de confiança, o método de DerSimonian e Laird como modelo de efeitos aleatórios e o modelo de Mantel-Haenszel para estimativa da heterogeneidade. Considerou-se nível de confiança de 95%. Resumo dos achados: A análise qualitativa resultou em seis estudos de baixo e quatro estudos de intermediário-baixo risco de viés. Foram significativos os seguintes fatores de exposição: ausência de companheiro, idade materna ≥ 35 anos, sexo masculino, gestação múltipla, pré-natal inadequado e ausente, presença de intercorrências durante a gestação, de malformação congênita na gestação em estudo, Apgar < 7 no quinto minuto, baixo e muito baixo peso ao nascer, idade gestacional ≤ 37 semanas e parto cesariano. Conclusão: Os fatores de risco mais significativos apresentados neste estudo são modificáveis, o que possibilita almejar uma redução real das mortes neonatais, que ainda permanecem elevadas no país.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant , Infant Mortality , Pregnancy Complications , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Premature , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment , Observational Studies as Topic
14.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 37(2): 140-148, Apr.-June 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013293

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the structure and the processes of care for pregnant women/newborn infants, including the Essential Newborn Care (ENC), in maternity hospitals in Sergipe State, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out between June 2015 and April 2016 in all maternity hospitals of Sergipe with more than 500 deliveries/year (n=11). A questionnaire on the existing structure and work processes was administered to the managers. Subsequently, a representative number of postpartum women from these hospitals were interviewed (n=768). Their medical records, as well as newborn infants' records, were also analyzed. Results: Sergipe has 78 beds of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and 90 beds of Intermediate Care Unit (IMCU) to meet spontaneous and programmed demand. Only six maternity hospitals (54.5%) performed the risk classification, and four (36.3%) had protocols for high-risk parturient care. Regarding the ENC components, only 41% (n=315) of the women had early skin-to-skin contact with their babies, 33.1% (n=254) breastfed in the first hour of life, and 18% (n=138) had a companion always during birth. Conclusions: The distribution of NICU beds between capital city and other cities of the State is adequate, considering Brazilian guidelines. However, there was a low adherence to the protocols for hypertensive and hemorrhagic emergencies, and a low coverage of humanization policies, pregnancy risk classification and ENC practices, especially breastfeeding in the first hour of life, and companion always during birth.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a estrutura e os processos de atendimento a gestante/recém-nascido, incluindo os componentes do Essential Newborn Care (ENC), das maternidades de Sergipe, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado entre junho de 2015 e abril de 2016 em todas as maternidades de Sergipe (n=11) com mais de 500 partos/ano. Foi aplicado um questionário aos gestores sobre a estrutura e os processos de trabalhos existentes. Posteriormente, um número representativo de puérperas desses hospitais foi entrevistado (n=768) e seus prontuários, bem como o dos recém-nascidos, foram analisados. Resultados: Sergipe conta com 78 leitos de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) e 90 de Unidade Intermediária (UI) para atendimento da demanda espontânea e programada. Somente seis maternidades (54,5%) realizam a classificação de risco e quatro (36,3%) possuem protocolos para atendimento das parturientes de alto risco. No que se refere aos componentes do ENC, apenas 41% (n=315) das mulheres tiveram contato pele a pele precoce com seu filho, 33,1% (n=254) amamentaram na primeira hora de vida e 18% (n=138) tiveram a presença do acompanhante em todos os momentos do parto. Conclusões: A distribuição de leitos de UTIN entre capital/interior é adequada no Estado, levando-se em consideração a legislação vigente no país. Entretanto, houve baixa adesão aos protocolos das emergências hipertensivas e hemorrágicas, e baixa cobertura das políticas de humanização, da classificação de risco para a gestante e das práticas do ENC, principalmente quanto à amamentação na primeira hora de vida e à presença do acompanhante na parturição.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal/standards , Clinical Protocols , Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Patient Care Management/methods , Patient Care Management/organization & administration , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/standards , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/organization & administration , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Pregnancy, High-Risk , Perinatal Care/methods , Perinatal Care/organization & administration , Health Services Needs and Demand , Hospitals, Maternity/standards , Hospitals, Maternity/statistics & numerical data
15.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 23(1): 18-24, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002171

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction Low exposure of the larynx can make laryngeal microsurgery difficult or even impossible. The application of rigid and contact endoscopy enabled oblique and retrograde angled visualization, allowing transoperative staging with greater reach of the anatomical areas. However, there is difficulty or even impossibility of performing the surgical act, due to the incompatibility of the angled path with the straight surgical tools. Objective To demonstrate the efficiency of the variant of the technique for laryngeal microsurgery in cases of difficult laryngoscopy and to analyze the new surgical instruments specific to the endoscopic procedure. Methods This is a cross-sectional retrospective study, based on the analysis of 30 medical records of patients treated surgically at a philanthropic hospital in the state of Sergipe, Brazil, between the years of 2014 and 2015. Results The technical variant used 30- and 70-degree endoscopes that provided complete oblique view of the endolarynx. The association of angled instruments (forceps, suction pumps, retractors and scissors) enabled the execution of the surgical procedures. Conclusion The association of rigid endoscopy with angled instruments promoted full visualization of the surgical lesion and operative resolution. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Laryngoscopy/methods , Microsurgery/methods , Brazil , Laryngeal Diseases/surgery , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Laryngoscopy/instrumentation
16.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e031, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039304

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Variable rates of HPV infection have been reported in healthy oral mucosa worldwide. The main objective of this study was to detect and genotype HPV infection in users and nonusers of drugs with clinically healthy mucosa from the Northeast Brazil. Samples from 105 patients were amplified using the primers MY09/MY11 and GP5+/GP6+, and genotyping was performed by multiplex-PCR for HPV-6/11, 16 and 18. A total of 81.9% samples were positive. Among drug users, 84.5% presented the virus and 20.4% showed multiple infections. Among non-drug users, 78.7% were positive and 13.5% had multiple infections. Limited information is available on oral HPV in Brazilian population, especially for drug users, and our results showed higher HPV infection rates in both users and nonusers of drugs. More studies and researches focused on drug users including factors like sexual behavior, nutrition and cultural habits are necessary to enhance the comprehension of this relationship, and develop preventive strategies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Substance-Related Disorders/complications , Substance-Related Disorders/virology , Papillomavirus Infections/etiology , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Mouth Mucosa/virology , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Risk-Taking , Sexual Behavior , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , DNA, Viral , Case-Control Studies , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Risk Assessment , Middle Aged
17.
CoDAS ; 31(6): e20180261, 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039625

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever e comparar as medidas antropométricas e as proporções orofaciais de recém-nascidos (RNs) a termo saudáveis, segundo o sexo, de uma maternidade pública do estado de Sergipe, Nordeste do Brasil. Método Estudo randomizado descritivo e analítico. Participaram 46 RNs a termo e saudáveis, de ambos os sexos, selecionados aleatoriamente. Foi utilizado paquímetro digital para tomadas das medidas (em milímetros), com os RNs em posição supina e lábios ocluídos. Quatro pesquisadores foram previamente treinados, com cada RN sendo medido duas vezes por uma mesma dupla destes. Os dados foram descritos por meio de frequências simples e percentuais. As diferenças de média foram avaliadas através do Teste de Mann-Whitney, com significância de 5%. Associações foram avaliadas através do teste Exato de Fisher. Foram calculados tamanhos de efeitos D de Cohen. Resultados Foram obtidas diferenças entre os grupos para as medidas antropométricas: terços da face médio (glabela-subnasal ou g-sn) e inferior (subnasal-gnátio ou sn-gn); e alturas do filtro (subnasal-labial superior ou sn-ls), dos lábios superior (subnasal-estômio ou sn-sto) e inferior (estômio-gnátio ou sto-gn), sempre maiores no sexo masculino. As proporções orofaciais estudadas não apresentaram diferenças entre sexos. Conclusão O estudo apontou presença de disformismo sexual para as medidas da face ao nascimento na população nascida em Aracaju, Sergipe.


ABSTRACT Purpose To describe and compare the anthropometric measurements and the orofacial proportions of healthy term newborns (NB) according to sex, from a public maternity hospital in the state of Sergipe, northeastern Brazil. Methods Descriptive and analytical randomized study was carried out. The participants included were 46 randomly selected healthy and full-term RNs of both sexes. A digital caliper was used to measure measurements (in millimeters) with the NB supine and occluded lips. Twice different, previously trained researchers measured each NB. Data were described using simple and percentage frequencies. The mean differences were assessed using the Mann-Whitney test, with a significance of 5%. Associations evaluated by the Fisher Exact test, and Cohen D size effects were calculated. Results Differences were found between the groups for the anthropometric measurements: midface third height (glabella-subnasal or sn-g) and bottom (subnasal-gnathion or sn-gn); and filter heights (upper-lip subnasal or sn-ls), the upper lips (subnasal-estomus or sn-sto), and lower (stomatal-gnathion or sto-gn), which was always greater in males. The orofacial proportions studied did not show differences between sexes. Conclusion The study showed the presence of sexual dimorphism for the measures of the face at birth in the population born in Aracaju, Sergipe.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Anthropometry , Term Birth/physiology , Face/anatomy & histology , Reference Values , Brazil , Random Allocation , Cephalometry , Gestational Age , Sex Characteristics , Lip/anatomy & histology
18.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 53: s1518, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020893

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the maternal characteristics and type of prenatal care associated with peregrination before childbirth among pregnant women in a northeastern Brazilian state. METHODS Quantitative and transversal study, with descriptive and analytical approaches, part of the Nascer em Sergipe research held between June 2015 and April 2016. A total of 768 puerperal women proportionally distributed across all maternities of the state (n = 11) were evaluated. Data were collected in interviews and from prenatal records. The associations between antepartum peregrination and the exposure variables were described in absolute and relative frequencies, crude and adjusted odds ratios and their respective confidence intervals. RESULTS Antepartum peregrination was reported by 29.4% (n = 226) of the interviewees, most of whom sought care in a single service before the current one (87.6%; n = 198). It should be noted that antepartum peregrination was less frequent among women aged ≥ 20 years old (OR = 0.50; 95%CI 0.34-0.71), with high education level (OR = 0.42; 95%CI 0.31-0.59) and a paid job (adjusted OR = 0.59; 95%CI 0.41-0.82), who had been instructed during prenatal care about the referral maternity for childbirth (adjusted OR = 0.88; 95%CI 0.42-0.92), and who used the private service to receive prenatal (adjusted OR = 0.44; 95%CI 0.18-0.86) or childbirth (adjusted OR = 0.96; 95%CI 0.66-0.98) care. No statistical evidence of associations between gestational characteristics and the occurrence of peregrination was observed. CONCLUSIONS Antepartum peregrination suffers interference from the mother's socioeconomic characteristics, the type of prenatal care received and the source of funding for childbirth.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar as características maternas e da assistência pré-natal associadas à peregrinação no anteparto entre gestantes de um estado do Nordeste brasileiro. MÉTODOS Estudo quantitativo e transversal, com abordagens descritiva e analítica, vinculado à pesquisa Nascer em Sergipe, realizada entre junho de 2015 e abril de 2016. Foram avaliadas 768 puérperas proporcionalmente distribuídas entre todas as maternidades do estado (n = 11). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas e consultas aos cartões de pré-natal. As associações entre a peregrinação no anteparto e as variáveis de exposição foram descritas em frequências absoluta e relativa, razões de chances brutas e ajustadas e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança. RESULTADOS A peregrinação no anteparto foi referida por 29,4% (n = 226) das entrevistadas, a maioria das quais procurou atendimento em apenas um serviço antes do atual (87,6%; n = 198). Ressalta-se que a peregrinação no anteparto foi menos frequente entre as mulheres com idade ≥ 20 anos (OR = 0,50; IC95% 0,34-0,71), com alta escolaridade (OR = 0,42; IC95% 0,31-0,59), com trabalho remunerado (OR ajustada = 0,59; IC95% 0,41-0,82), orientadas durante o pré-natal sobre a maternidade de referência para o parto (OR ajustada = 0,88; IC95% 0,42-0,92) e que utilizaram o serviço privado para realização do pré-natal (OR ajustada = 0,44; IC95% 0,18-0,86) ou do parto (OR ajustada = 0,96; IC95% 0,66-0,98). Não foi observada evidência estatística de associação entre as características gestacionais e a ocorrência da peregrinação. CONCLUSÕES A peregrinação no anteparto sofre interferência das características socioeconômicas maternas, da assistência pré-natal e do tipo de financiamento para o parto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , Prenatal Care/statistics & numerical data , Maternal-Child Health Services/legislation & jurisprudence , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Gestational Age , Health Equity , Delivery, Obstetric/statistics & numerical data , Maternal-Child Health Services/statistics & numerical data
19.
Psicol. (Univ. Brasília, Online) ; 35: e35442, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1098483

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Com o objetivo de verificar a prevalência da ansiedade e depressão em mulheres com morbidade materna grave (near miss), foi realizado estudo de coorte transversal, com 549 mulheres. Para tanto, foram utilizados o Inventário de Beck de Depressão (BDI) e o Inventário de Ansiedade (BAI). Na análise estatística, aplicaram-se o teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e o U-Mann-Whitney, além de Razões de Chances brutas e seus Intervalos com 95% de confiança. Houve maior prevalência e maior chance de desenvolver a ansiedade e depressão na MMG/NM, bem como a relação positiva e significativa entre ambos. Considera-se a associação do ponto de vista psicológico, como um fator grave e impactante na saúde mental da mulher.


ABSTRACT To verify the prevalence of anxiety and depression in women with severe maternal morbidity (near miss), a cross-sectional cohort study was conducted, with 549 women. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used. For the statistical analysis, the Pearson chi-square test and the U-Mann-Whitney test besides Odds Ratio and their 95% confidence intervals. There was a higher prevalence and a greater chance of developing anxiety and depression in the SAMM/NM, as well as the positive and significant relationship between both. We consider association from the psychological point of view as a serious and shocking factor in the mental health of women.

20.
Cad. saúde colet., (Rio J.) ; 26(4): 378-383, out.-dez. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-984150

ABSTRACT

Resumo Introdução A morbidade materna grave é cada vez mais conhecida como um indicador útil de segurança e de qualidade do cuidado materno e pode afetar a saúde mental da mãe. Objetivo Avaliar a relação entre a morbidade materna grave (near miss) e os sintomas da depressão pós-parto. Método Estudo descritivo de coorte prospectivo. A amostra foi constituída por 549 mulheres puérperas em duas maternidades públicas do Estado de Sergipe. Foi aplicada a Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) para identificar os sintomas de depressão no pós-natal. Para a análise estatística, aplicaram-se os testes do Qui-quadrado, de U-Mann-Whitney e o coeficiente de correlação de postos de Spearman, e considerou-se o nível de significância de α ≤ 0,05%. Resultados 156 (56%) das mães expostas à MMG/NM e 45 (17%) das não expostas revelaram forte associação com depressão pós-parto e maior chance (ORC: 24,0; IC95%: 7,23-79,7) de desenvolvê-la. Conclusão A MMG/NM tem impacto negativo na saúde mental da mulher e eleva a sua vulnerabilidade para a doença mental. É fundamental para a qualidade da assistência materno-infantil a implantação de políticas públicas que assegurem prevenção e estratégias de enfrentamento.


Abstract Background Severe maternal morbidity is increasingly known as a useful indicator of the safety and quality of maternal care, and may affect the mother´s mental health. Objective To evaluate the relationship between severe maternal morbidity (near miss) and symptoms of postpartum depression. Method Descriptive study of prospective cohort. The sample consisted of a total of 549 puerperal women from two public maternity hospitals in the state of Sergipe. We applied the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to identify the prevalence of postpartum depression. The statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test of U-Mann-Whitney and the Spearman rank correlation coefficient, with significance level of α ≤ 0.05%. Results 156 (56%) of the mothers exposed to severe maternal obesity, and 45 (17%) of the non-exposed mothers showed a strong association and greater chance (ORC: 24.0; 95% CI: 7.23-79.7) to develop postpartum depression. Conclusion Severe maternal morbidity has a negative impact on women's mental health, and increases the vulnerability to mental illness. It is fundamental for the quality of maternal and child care to implement public policies that ensure prevention and coping strategies.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL